Pink October: Understanding Breast Cancer, Promoting Care

✒ Dr. Faiza P. P

17 October 2026, 6 Jumada Al-Awwal 1448 AH

Our bodies often speak to us not through loud alarms, but through subtle shifts, minor discomforts, and quiet signals. It is when we overlook these signs that many illnesses manage to hide from us.

This vigilance is especially vital when it comes to breast health. That is precisely why October is observed globally as Breast Cancer Awareness Month. The goal of Pink October is not to spread fear about the disease, but to encourage society to understand it, pay attention to bodily changes, and seek medical care at the right time.

The History Behind Pink October

The concept of Breast Cancer Awareness Month officially began in 1985. Initially launched as a week-long awareness program by the American Cancer Society in partnership with a major pharmaceutical company, its purpose was to increase awareness of breast cancer among women and educate the public on the importance of early detection and mammography.

Over time, this campaign expanded from a single week into a month-long global awareness movement. Today, October serves as a time of reminder and education regarding breast health in various parts of the world.

Global Concerns: The Statistics

Breast cancer continues to be the most common cancer affecting women worldwide. According to the latest statistics from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), approximately 2.43 million new breast cancer cases occurred globally in 2024.

Because breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers among women, finding it early and receiving the right treatment on time can significantly improve treatment outcomes. Therefore, paying attention to even minor changes in the breast and seeking professional examination when needed is crucial.

What Is Breast Cancer?

Breast cancer occurs when certain cells in the breast begin to grow uncontrollably. Normally, cells in the body grow and divide in an orderly way, dying off when old or damaged. However, abnormal changes in certain cells can lead to uncontrolled growth, eventually developing into cancer. Detecting the disease early makes it possible to start the necessary treatment promptly.

An important point to keep in mind here is that not all lumps found in the breast are cancerous. Many lumps can be caused by non-cancerous factors. Nevertheless, if you notice a newly formed lump or any unusual change, finding out its cause is essential.

Knowing Your Own Body

To spot breast changes early, you can perform a self-examination at home once a month. When you are familiar with the normal size, shape, and feel of your breasts, noticing new changes becomes much easier.

For those who menstruate: It is convenient to perform the check about 5 to 7 days after your period starts, when the breasts are usually softer.

For those who do not menstruate: You can perform the check on the same date every month.

Step 1: In Front of a Mirror

1. Stand naturally with your arms by your sides and check both breasts for any new changes in size, shape, skin texture, or the nipple.

2. Check again with your hands raised and then with your hands pressed on your hips.

3. Look for changes such as dimpling, puckering, skin thickening, redness, swelling, or a retracted (turned-in) nipple.

Step 2: Lying Down or in the Shower

1. Using the soft pads of your fingers, examine the entire breast in small, circular motions:

2. Systematically check from the armpit down to the lower part of the breast, and from the breastbone (sternum) to the side of the breast.

3. Use light pressure first, followed by firmer pressure, to check both superficial and deeper tissues for any unusual lumps or hardness.

4. Check the armpit area for any new lumps or swelling.

5. Pay attention to any unusual changes or discharge around the nipple area. Avoid forcefully squeezing the nipple.

Note: Self-examination is not a substitute for medical diagnosis. If you notice a new lump, skin change, nipple discharge, or armpit swelling during your check, do not panic, consult a doctor.

Even if you do not notice any changes during a self-examination, regular medical check-ups and screenings tailored to your age and risk factors should not be skipped. Every change in the breast requires attention.

Symptoms to Watch For

• If you notice any of the following signs, seek a medical evaluation:

• A newly felt lump in the breast.

• A lump or swelling in the armpit.

• Recent changes in the size or shape of the breast.

• Dimpling, puckering, or thickening of the breast skin.

• A sensation that the nipple is pulled inward.

• Unusual discharge from the nipple, especially if it is blood-stained.

• Unusual changes in the nipple or the area surrounding it.

• Persistent, unusual pain or discomfort.

Seeing any single symptom does not automatically mean you have breast cancer, but the underlying cause must be properly investigated.

No Pain, No Problem?

When finding a lump in the breast, many people first ask, "Does it hurt?" However, some cancerous lumps may be completely painless.
Conversely, experiencing breast pain does not mean it is definitely cancer. Therefore, the presence or absence of pain cannot be used alone to determine the nature of a lump. If you notice a new lump or any other unusual change, the wisest course of action is to consult a doctor rather than trying to self-diagnose.

Who Needs to Be Extra Careful?

The risk of breast cancer increases with age. Individuals with a family history of breast cancer or specific genetic risk factors need to be especially vigilant. However, breast cancer can also occur in those with no family history. Therefore, the assumption "No one in my family has had it, so I won't get it" is incorrect; a lack of family history does not entirely eliminate the risk.

What Are the Diagnostic Tests?

If you notice an unusual change in your breast, you should first consult a doctor. Taking into account your test results, age, symptoms, and other risk factors, the doctor will recommend the appropriate evaluations:

Mammography: A primary imaging test used to detect certain abnormal changes in the breast. It plays a vital role in breast cancer screening and early detection among women.

Ultrasound: Useful for evaluating the nature of breast lumps and other abnormalities. It can be particularly beneficial in specific situations and for certain age groups.

Biopsy: A procedure where a small sample of cells or tissue is taken from the suspicious area for detailed examination. This is sometimes necessary to confirm a cancer diagnosis.
Vigilance Matters

Finding a lump in the breast is not a reason to panic, assuming instantly that it is cancer. At the same time, it should not be ignored simply because it is painless or because no one else in the family has had the disease.

Understanding the disease is far more important than fearing it. Do not ignore the signals your body gives you. Seek medical advice when in doubt, and do not delay treatment if a diagnosis is confirmed. Knowledge about breast cancer is not meant to create fear, but to foster awareness and vigilance.

This Pink October, let us take a moment to reflect on our own health and the health of our loved ones.

Even if a change seems small, do not dismiss it. Do not let doubt turn into fear, schedule a check-up if needed. Early recognition is often the first step toward effective treatment. If you notice any unusual changes related to breast health, do not hesitate to consult a gynecologist or a breast specialist.

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